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Cmake 工程测试不通过

错误信息

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Performing C SOURCE FILE Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD failed with the following output:
Change Dir: /tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-ZS4h4J

Run Build Command(s):/usr/bin/gmake -f Makefile cmTC_48078/fast && /usr/bin/gmake  -f CMakeFiles/cmTC_48078.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/cmTC_48078.dir/build
gmake[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-ZS4h4J'
Building C object CMakeFiles/cmTC_48078.dir/src.c.o
/opt/scylladb/bin/gcc -DCMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD  -fdiagnostics-color=always -o CMakeFiles/cmTC_48078.dir/src.c.o -c /tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-ZS4h4J/src.c
Linking C executable cmTC_48078
/data/zhenkai.sun/app/cmake-3.25.1-linux-x86_64/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/cmTC_48078.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/opt/scylladb/bin/gcc CMakeFiles/cmTC_48078.dir/src.c.o -o cmTC_48078
CMakeFiles/cmTC_48078.dir/src.c.o: In function `main':
src.c:(.text+0x2d): undefined reference to `pthread_create'
src.c:(.text+0x39): undefined reference to `pthread_detach'
src.c:(.text+0x45): undefined reference to `pthread_cancel'
src.c:(.text+0x56): undefined reference to `pthread_join'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
gmake[1]: *** [cmTC_48078] Error 1
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-ZS4h4J'
gmake: *** [cmTC_48078/fast] Error 2


Source file was:
#include <pthread.h>

static void* test_func(void* data)
{
  return data;
}

int main(void)
{
  pthread_t thread;
  pthread_create(&thread, NULL, test_func, NULL);
  pthread_detach(thread);
  pthread_cancel(thread);
  pthread_join(thread, NULL);
  pthread_atfork(NULL, NULL, NULL);
  pthread_exit(NULL);

  return 0;
}

Performing C++ SOURCE FILE Test StdAtomic_EXPLICIT_LINK failed with the following output:
Change Dir: /tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-pPTD7R

Run Build Command(s):/usr/bin/gmake -f Makefile cmTC_f3ae9/fast && /usr/bin/gmake  -f CMakeFiles/cmTC_f3ae9.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/cmTC_f3ae9.dir/build
gmake[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-pPTD7R'
Building CXX object CMakeFiles/cmTC_f3ae9.dir/src.cxx.o
/opt/scylladb/bin/g++ -DStdAtomic_EXPLICIT_LINK  -w -g -pthread -fno-omit-frame-pointer -Werror=return-type -fsanitize=address -fdiagnostics-color=always -std=gnu++1z -o CMakeFiles/cmTC_f3ae9.dir/src.cxx.o -c /tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-pPTD7R/src.cxx
Linking CXX executable cmTC_f3ae9
/data/zhenkai.sun/app/cmake-3.25.1-linux-x86_64/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/cmTC_f3ae9.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/opt/scylladb/bin/g++ -w -g -pthread -fno-omit-frame-pointer -Werror=return-type -fsanitize=address CMakeFiles/cmTC_f3ae9.dir/src.cxx.o -o cmTC_f3ae9  -latomic
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find /opt/scylladb/lib64/libatomic.so.1.2.0
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
gmake[1]: *** [cmTC_f3ae9] Error 1
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-pPTD7R'
gmake: *** [cmTC_f3ae9/fast] Error 2


Source file was:
int main() {}

Performing C++ SOURCE FILE Test StdFilesystem_NO_EXPLICIT_LINK failed with the following output:
Change Dir: /tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-DLboHE

Run Build Command(s):/usr/bin/gmake -f Makefile cmTC_29ea1/fast && /usr/bin/gmake  -f CMakeFiles/cmTC_29ea1.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/cmTC_29ea1.dir/build
gmake[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-DLboHE'
Building CXX object CMakeFiles/cmTC_29ea1.dir/src.cxx.o
/opt/scylladb/bin/g++ -DStdFilesystem_NO_EXPLICIT_LINK  -w -g -pthread -fno-omit-frame-pointer -Werror=return-type -std=c++17 -fdiagnostics-color=always -std=gnu++1z -o CMakeFiles/cmTC_29ea1.dir/src.cxx.o -c /tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-DLboHE/src.cxx
Linking CXX executable cmTC_29ea1
/data/zhenkai.sun/app/cmake-3.25.1-linux-x86_64/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/cmTC_29ea1.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/opt/scylladb/bin/g++ -w -g -pthread -fno-omit-frame-pointer -Werror=return-type -std=c++17 CMakeFiles/cmTC_29ea1.dir/src.cxx.o -o cmTC_29ea1
CMakeFiles/cmTC_29ea1.dir/src.cxx.o: In function `std::experimental::filesystem::v1::path::path<char [6], std::experimental::filesystem::v1::path>(char const (&) [6])':
/opt/scylladb/include/c++/7/experimental/bits/fs_path.h:198: undefined reference to `std::experimental::filesystem::v1::path::_M_split_cmpts()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
gmake[1]: *** [cmTC_29ea1] Error 1
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/tmp.yyGw1J1RRP/cmake-build-release-devsdksg/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-DLboHE'
gmake: *** [cmTC_29ea1/fast] Error 2

解决方案

ninja-build 版本低

升级 ninja-build 版本，从 1.7.2 升级到 1.11.1 后问题解决。最新版，从这里下载。

使用其他 GCC 库

比如，使用 /opt/scylladb/bin 下的 gcc，需要同步设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 和 LIBRARY_PATH。

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PATH=/opt/scylladb/bin:$PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/scylladb/lib64:/opt/scylladb/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/scylladb/lib64:/opt/scylladb/lib:$LIBRARY_PATH

以免出现以下错误。

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libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.20' not found

这是因为使用的 g++ 版本和最终链接的 libstdc++ 库不一致导致的。

CMake Error: install(EXPORT “tgt” …) includes target “tgt” which requires target “dep_internal” that is not in any export set

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add_library(tgt ...)
target_link_libraries(tgt PRIVATE dep_internal)
install(TARGETS tgt EXPORT tgt ...)
install(EXPORT tgt ...)

报错

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CMake Error: install(EXPORT "tgt" ...) includes target "tgt" which requires target "dep_internal" that is not in any export set

原因

dep_internal 是工程内依赖，且不想安装和 export。在安装和导出 tgt 时，由于依赖项目内定义的库 dep_internal，且是 PRIVATE link，又没有 export，因此出现冲突。

解决

使用 $<BUILD_INTERFACE:{target}>，仅在编译时引用 target。

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target_link_libraries(tgt PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:dep_internal>)

如果被其他库依赖。

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add_library(tgt ...)
target_link_libraries(tgt PRIVATE dep_internal)
install(TARGETS tgt dep_internal EXPORT tgt ...)
install(EXPORT tgt ...)

Some (but not all) targets in this export set were already defined.

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CMake Error at cmake-build-debug/vcpkg_installed/x64-linux/share/tcmalloc_minimal_static/tcmalloc_minimal_staticConfig.cmake:42 (message):
  Some (but not all) targets in this export set were already defined.

  Targets Defined: gperftools::spinlock, gperftools::sysinfo,
  gperftools::logging

  Targets not yet defined: gperftools::tcmalloc_minimal_static,
  gperftools::tcmalloc_minimal_internal

一个项目内有多个目标 TargetA 、TargetB。两个目标共同依赖 InternalLibA。

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install(TARGETS TargetA InternalLibA EXPORT TargetA ...)
install(EXPORT TargetA ... NAMESPACE Project)

install(TARGETS TargetB InternalLibA EXPORT TargetB ...)
install(EXPORT TargetB ... NAMESPACE Project)

如上述导入后，如果在其他项目引入。

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find_package(TargetA CONFIG REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE Project::TargetA)

find_package(TargetB CONFIG REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE Project::TargetB)

则会报如下的错。

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Some (but not all) targets in this export set were already defined.

Targets Defined: Project::InternalLibA

Targets not yet defined: Project::TargetB

原因是在 find_package TargetB 时，出现重复的目标，Project::InternalLibA，在 find_package TargetA 时第一次定义。出现命名冲突。

解决办法，修改 install EXPORT 的 NAMESPACE，避免命名冲突。

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install(TARGETS TargetA InternalLibA EXPORT TargetA ...)
install(EXPORT TargetA ... NAMESPACE TargetA)

install(TARGETS TargetB InternalLibA EXPORT TargetB ...)
install(EXPORT TargetB ... NAMESPACE TargetA)

使用。

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find_package(TargetA CONFIG REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE TargetA::TargetA)

find_package(TargetB CONFIG REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE TargetB::TargetB)

possibly undefined macro: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL

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configure.ac:94: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
      If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow.
      See the Autoconf documentation.
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# 安装 libtool
$ yum install libtool